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diff --git a/gpds/na.lyx b/gpds/na.lyx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ae5447a --- /dev/null +++ b/gpds/na.lyx @@ -0,0 +1,1058 @@ +#LyX 2.3 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/ +\lyxformat 544 +\begin_document +\begin_header +\save_transient_properties true +\origin unavailable +\textclass book +\begin_preamble +\usepackage{tikz} +\end_preamble +\use_default_options true +\begin_modules +algorithm2e +\end_modules +\maintain_unincluded_children false +\language spanish +\language_package default +\inputencoding auto +\fontencoding global +\font_roman "default" "default" +\font_sans "default" "default" +\font_typewriter "default" "default" +\font_math "auto" "auto" +\font_default_family default +\use_non_tex_fonts false +\font_sc false +\font_osf false +\font_sf_scale 100 100 +\font_tt_scale 100 100 +\use_microtype false +\use_dash_ligatures true +\graphics default +\default_output_format default +\output_sync 0 +\bibtex_command default +\index_command default +\paperfontsize default +\spacing single +\use_hyperref false +\papersize default +\use_geometry false +\use_package amsmath 1 +\use_package amssymb 1 +\use_package cancel 1 +\use_package esint 1 +\use_package mathdots 1 +\use_package mathtools 1 +\use_package mhchem 1 +\use_package stackrel 1 +\use_package stmaryrd 1 +\use_package undertilde 1 +\cite_engine basic +\cite_engine_type default +\biblio_style plain +\use_bibtopic false +\use_indices false +\paperorientation portrait +\suppress_date false +\justification true +\use_refstyle 1 +\use_minted 0 +\index Index +\shortcut idx +\color #008000 +\end_index +\secnumdepth 3 +\tocdepth 3 +\paragraph_separation indent +\paragraph_indentation default +\is_math_indent 0 +\math_numbering_side default +\quotes_style french +\dynamic_quotes 0 +\papercolumns 1 +\papersides 1 +\paperpagestyle default +\tracking_changes false +\output_changes false +\html_math_output 0 +\html_css_as_file 0 +\html_be_strict false +\end_header + +\begin_body + +\begin_layout Standard +Un +\series bold +riesgo de un proyecto +\series default + es un evento o condición incierto, llamado +\series bold +evento de riesgo +\series default +, con una o más +\series bold +causas +\series default + de que pueda ocurrir, y que de producirse tiene un efecto positivo o negativo + (el +\series bold +impacto +\series default +) en uno o varios objetivos del proyecto. + Si el efecto es positivo, el riesgo es +\series bold +positivo +\series default + o una +\series bold +oportunidad +\series default +, y si es negativo, el riesgo es +\series bold +negativo +\series default + o una +\series bold +amenaza +\series default +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +La +\series bold +gestión de riesgos del proyecto +\series default + es una serie de procesos para identificar; analizar, y planificar e implementar + respuestas a, los riesgos del proyecto, para aumentar la probabilidad y + el impacto de los riesgos positivos y disminuir los de los negativos. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Distinguimos entre +\series bold +riesgos conocidos +\series default +, identificados y analizados para los que se puede planificar una respuesta + usando la reserva de contingencia, y los +\series bold +riesgos desconocidos +\series default +, que no pueden gestionarse proactivamente y a los que se responde con la + reserva de gestión. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +La +\series bold +mitigación de riesgos +\series default + consiste en planificar con antelación para reducir el impacto o la probabilidad + de los riesgos. + Una +\series bold +salvaguarda +\series default + es un procedimiento o mecanismo tecnológico que reduce el impacto o la + probabilidad de un riesgo. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +El área de conocimiento Gestión de los Riesgos del Proyecto de PMBOK tiene + los siguientes procesos: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +De planificación: +\end_layout + +\begin_deeper +\begin_layout Enumerate +Planificar la gestión de los riesgos. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate +Identificar los riesgos. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate +Realizar el análisis cualitativo de riesgos. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate +Realizar el análisis cuantitativo de riesgos. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Enumerate +Planificar la respuesta a los riesgos. +\end_layout + +\end_deeper +\begin_layout Itemize +De ejecución: +\end_layout + +\begin_deeper +\begin_layout Enumerate +\begin_inset Argument item:1 +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +6. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +Implementar la respuesta a los riesgos. +\end_layout + +\end_deeper +\begin_layout Itemize +De monitoreo y control: +\end_layout + +\begin_deeper +\begin_layout Enumerate +\begin_inset Argument item:1 +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +7. +\end_layout + +\end_inset + +Monitorear los riesgos. +\end_layout + +\end_deeper +\begin_layout Section +Planificación de la gestión de riesgos +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Una +\series bold +estructura de desglose de los riesgos +\series default + ( +\series bold +RBS +\series default +, +\emph on +\lang english +Risk Breakdown Structure +\emph default +\lang spanish +) es una estructura de clasificación jerárquica de las fuentes de riesgos + para identificar y categorizar riesgos. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +La probabilidad de un riesgo se puede medir con una +\series bold +escala relativa +\series default + o +\series bold +cualitativa +\series default +, con valores como +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +muy baja +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +baja +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +mediana +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +alta +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + + o +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +muy alta +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + +, o con +\series bold +probabilidades numéricas +\series default + aproximadas, con una escala general cuantitativa y discreta con valores + como +\begin_inset Formula $0.1$ +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Formula $0.3$ +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Formula $0.5$ +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Formula $0.7$ +\end_inset + + y +\begin_inset Formula $0.9$ +\end_inset + +. + De igual modo, el impacto en cada uno de los objetivos +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +clásicos +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + + ((coste, tiempo, alcance y calidad) se puede medir con una escala cualitativa, + con valores como +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +muy bajo +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +bajo +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +moderado +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +alto +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + + y +\begin_inset Quotes cld +\end_inset + +muy alto +\begin_inset Quotes crd +\end_inset + +, o con una numérica, con valores como +\begin_inset Formula $0.05$ +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Formula $0.1$ +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Formula $0.2$ +\end_inset + +, +\begin_inset Formula $0.4$ +\end_inset + + y +\begin_inset Formula $0.8$ +\end_inset + +. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Una +\series bold +matriz de probabilidad e impacto +\series default + es una tabla de la forma: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +\align center +\begin_inset Tabular +<lyxtabular version="3" rows="6" columns="8"> +<features tabularvalignment="middle"> +<column alignment="center" valignment="top"> +<column alignment="center" valignment="top"> +<column alignment="center" valignment="top"> +<column alignment="center" valignment="top"> +<column alignment="center" valignment="top"> +<column alignment="center" valignment="top"> +<column alignment="center" valignment="top"> +<column alignment="center" valignment="top"> +<row> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series bold +Probabilidad +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series bold +Amenazas +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series bold +Oportunidades +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +</row> +<row> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{1}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{1}c_{1}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\cdots$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{1}c_{m}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{1}c_{m}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\cdots$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{1}c_{1}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{1}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +</row> +<row> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\vdots$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\vdots$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\vdots$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\vdots$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +</row> +<row> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{n}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{n}c_{1}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\cdots$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{n}c_{m}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{n}c_{m}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\cdots$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{n}c_{1}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $p_{n}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +</row> +<row> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $c_{1}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\cdots$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $c_{m}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $c_{m}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $\cdots$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout +\begin_inset Formula $c_{n}$ +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +</row> +<row> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series bold +Impacto negativo +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="1" alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\series bold +Impacto positivo +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell multicolumn="2" alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +<cell alignment="center" valignment="top" usebox="none"> +\begin_inset Text + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset +</cell> +</row> +</lyxtabular> + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Donde +\begin_inset Formula $1\geq p_{1}\geq\dots\geq p_{n}\geq0$ +\end_inset + + es la escala de probabilidades y +\begin_inset Formula $0\leq c_{1}\leq\dots\leq c_{n}\leq1$ +\end_inset + + es la escala de impactos. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Standard +Un +\series bold +plan de gestión de riesgos +\series default + describe como se estructurará y realizará la gestión de riesgos en el proyecto, + e incluye: +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\series bold +Metodología: +\series default + Métodos, herramientas y fuentes de información que se pueden usar para + gestionar los riesgos. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\series bold +Roles y responsabilidades: +\series default + Líder, apoyo y miembros del equipo de gestión de riesgos para cada tipo + de actividad del plan. + Personas asignadas a esos roles y sus responsabilidades. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\series bold +Presupuesto: +\series default + Recursos y costes estimados necesarios para la gestión de riesgos, para + incluirlos en la línea base de coste. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\series bold +Calendario: +\series default + Cuándo y con qué frecuencia se realizará el proceso de gestión de riesgos + en el ciclo de vida del proyecto y qué actividades de gestión de riesgos + se incluirán en el cronograma. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\series bold +Categorías de riesgo, +\series default + por ejemplo con un RBS. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\series bold +Definiciones de probabilidad e impacto de los riesgos. + +\series default + Escalas a usar. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize + +\series bold +Matriz de probabilidad e impacto. +\end_layout + +\begin_layout Itemize +\begin_inset Note Note +status open + +\begin_layout Plain Layout + +\end_layout + +\end_inset + + +\end_layout + +\end_body +\end_document |
